
A major environmental and economic problem of the 21st century is the waste generated from industry. The development of science and technology has increased human capacity to extract resources from nature. Extracted resources are then processed, used and exposed of. It is only recently that industries are being held accountable for the detrimental effects the waste they produce has on the environment. Issues of pollution control, waste treatment and environmental protection are being addressed because of increased governmental research, regulation and corporate accountability. Ever since the Earth Summit of Rio de Janeiro in 1992, much has been written about sustainability while guidelines for implementation have been scarce.
Industrial ecology is the science of sustainability as it pertains to improving the efficiency of human use of the ecosystem. Issues intrinsic to industrial ecology and sustainability are economic benefits, technological availability, environmental conditions and social perspectives. Concentrated on industrial ecology, this book details the need for the conservation of natural resources, waste utilization, and the use of renewable natural resources in industry. Beginning with guidelines for developing sustainability indicators and providing guidelines for the cradle-to-cradle concept in which industries partner to reuse and reduce waste, it provides an integrated approach to sustainable development for the 21st Century.



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